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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu16.04的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 16 Pro</td>        <td align="left">16.2.3 build-19376536</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">SecureCRT</td>        <td align="left">Version 8.7.2 (x64 build 2214)   -   正式版-2020年5月14日</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">STM32开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子战舰V3(STM32F103ZET6)</td>      </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看本文参考资料 </summary>
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              <ul><li>通用</li></ul><table><tr><td align="center">分类  </td><td align="center">网址</td><td align="center">说明</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4">官方网站</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.arm.com/" target="_blank">https://www.arm.com/</a></td><td align="left">ARM官方网站，在这里我们可以找到Cotex-Mx以及ARMVx的一些文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.st.com/content/st_com/zh.html" target="_blank">https://www.st.com/content/st_com/zh.html</a></td><td align="left">ST官方网站，在这里我们可以找到STM32的相关文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.stmcu.com.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.stmcu.com.cn/</a></td><td align="left">意法半导体ST中文官方网站，在这里我们可以找到STM32的相关中文参考文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="http://elm-chan.org/fsw/ff/00index_e.html" target="_blank">http://elm-chan.org/fsw/ff/00index_e.html</a></td><td align="left">FatFs文件系统官网</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="3">教程书籍</td><td align="left"><a href="STM32开发相关资料/01ARM参考资料/ARM Cortex-M3权威指南(中文).pdf" target="_blank">《ARM Cortex-M3权威指南》</a></td><td alirn="left" rowspan="3">ARM公司专家Joseph Yiu（姚文祥）的力作，中文翻译是NXP的宋岩</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="STM32开发相关资料/01ARM参考资料/ARM Cortex-M0权威指南(中文).pdf" target="_blank">《ARM Cortex-M0权威指南》</a></td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="" target="_blank">《ARM Cortex-M3与Cortex-M4权威指南》</a></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4">开发论坛</td><td align="left"><a href="http://47.111.11.73/forum.php" target="_blank">http://47.111.11.73/forum.php</a></td><td align="left">开源电子网，正点原子的资料下载及问题讨论论坛</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.firebbs.cn/forum.php" target="_blank">https://www.firebbs.cn/forum.php</a></td><td align="left">国内Kinetis开发板-野火/秉火（刘火良）主持的论坛，现也做STM32和i.MX RT</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.amobbs.com/index.php" target="_blank">https://www.amobbs.com/index.php</a></td><td align="left">阿莫（莫进明）主持的论坛，号称国内最早最火的电子论坛，以交流Atmel AVR系列单片机起家，现已拓展到嵌入式全平台，其STM32系列帖子有70W+。</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="http://download.100ask.net/index.html" target="_blank">http://download.100ask.net/index.html</a></td><td align="left">韦东山嵌入式资料中心，有些STM32和linux的相关资料也可以来这里找。</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="3">博客参考</td><td align="left"><a href="http://www.openedv.com/" target="_blank">http://www.openedv.com/</a></td><td align="left">开源网-原子哥个人博客</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="http://blog.chinaaet.com/jihceng0622" target="_blank">http://blog.chinaaet.com/jihceng0622</a></td><td align="left">博主是原Freescale现NXP的现场应用工程师</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/architectures-and-processors-blog/posts/cortex-m-resources" target="_blank">cortex-m-resources</a></td><td align="left">这其实并不算是一个博客，这是ARM公司专家Joseph Yiu收集整理的所有对开发者有用的官方Cortex-M资料链接（也包含极少数外部资源链接）</td></tr></table>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="8">STM32相关</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32f103ze.pdf"                target="_blank">STM32F103xx英文数据手册</a></td>        <td align="left">STM32F103xC/D/E系列的英文数据手册</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.stmcu.com.cn/Designresource/detail/localization_document%20/709978"                target="_blank">STM32F103xx中文数据手册</a></td>        <td align="left">STM32F103xC/D/E系列的中文数据手册</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a                href="https://www.st.com/resource/en/reference_manual/rm0008-stm32f101xx-stm32f102xx-stm32f103xx-stm32f105xx-and-stm32f107xx-advanced-armbased-32bit-mcus-stmicroelectronics.pdf"                target="_blank">STM32F10xxx英文参考手册（RM0008）</a></td>        <td align="left">STM32F10xxx系列的英文参考手册</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.stmcu.com.cn/Designresource/detail/localization_document%20/710001"                target="_blank">STM32F10xxx中文参考手册（RM0008）</a></td>        <td align="left">STM32F10xxx系列的中文参考手册</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://developer.arm.com/documentation/100165/0201/?lang=en" target="_blank">Arm                Cortex-M3 处理器技术参考手册-英文版</a></td>        <td align="left">Cortex-M3技术参考手册-英文版</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a                href="https://www.st.com/resource/en/programming_manual/pm0056-stm32f10xxx20xxx21xxxl1xxxx-cortexm3-programming-manual-stmicroelectronics.pdf"                target="_blank">STM32F10xxx Cortex-M3编程手册-英文版(PM0056)</a></td>        <td align="left">STM32F10xxx/20xxx/21xxx/L1xxxx系列Cortex-M3编程手册-英文版</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a                href="https://doc.embedfire.com/mcu/stm32/f103/hal_general/zh/latest/index.html"                target="_blank">STM32 HAL库开发实战</a></td>        <td align="left">野火STM32开发教程在线文档——基于F103系列开发板</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a                href="https://doc.embedfire.com/mcu/stm32/f103badao/std/zh/latest/index.html"                target="_blank">STM32库开发实战指南</a></td>        <td align="left">野火STM32开发教程在线文档——基于野火霸道开发板</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">SD卡相关</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/" target="_blank">SD卡相关资料——最新版本</a></td>        <td align="left">有关SD卡的一些资料可以从这里下载</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/archives/" target="_blank">SD卡相关资料——历史版本</a></td>        <td align="left">有关SD卡的一些历史版本资料可以从这里下载，比如后边看的SD卡2.0协议</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="./" target="_blank">SD 2.0 协议标准完整版</a></td>        <td align="left">这是一篇关于SD卡2.0协议的中文文档，还是比较有参考价值的，可以一看</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="6">ESP32</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/" target="_blank">SD卡相关资料——最新版本</a></td>        <td align="left">这个⼿册介绍了 ESP8266EX 的产品参数。</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://docs.ai-thinker.com/_media/esp8266/docs/esp8266_start_guide_1_.pdf" target="_blank">ESP8266 系列入门教程</a></td>        <td align="left">一个入门手册(安信可官网)</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://docs.ai-thinker.com/_media/esp8266/esp8266_at_instruction_set_cn.pdf" target="_blank">ESP8266 AT 指令集</a></td>        <td align="left">这是一篇关于ESSP8266的AT指令集的文档(安信可官网)</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://docs.ai-thinker.com/_media/esp8266/esp8266_at_command_examples_cn.pdf" target="_blank">ESP8266 AT 指令使用实例</a></td>        <td align="left">这是一篇关于ESSP8266的AT指令集使用实例的文档(安信可官网)</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://espressif-docs.readthedocs-hosted.com/projects/esp-at/zh-cn/release-v2.2.0.0_esp8266/Get_Started/index.html" target="_blank"> ESP-AT 用户指南</a></td>        <td align="left">本指南详细介绍 ESP-AT 是什么、如何连接硬件、以及如何下载和烧录 AT 固件(乐鑫官网)</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.espressif.com.cn/zh-hans/support/documents/technical-documents" target="_blank">乐鑫官方技术文档</a></td>        <td align="left">这里是乐鑫官方技术文档的入口，文档都可以来这里找(乐鑫官网)</td>    </tr></table>
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<h1 id="一、脉宽测量基本原理"><a href="#一、脉宽测量基本原理" class="headerlink" title="一、脉宽测量基本原理"></a><font size=3>一、脉宽测量基本原理</font></h1><p>输入捕获模式可以用来测量脉冲宽度或者测量频率。我们以测量脉宽为例，用一个简图来说明输入捕获脉宽测量原理：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-32-%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8-02-%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8-04-%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7/img/image-20240114103053113.png" alt="image-20240114103053113" style="zoom: 33%;" />

<p>t1 到 t2 的时间段，就是我们需要测量的高电平时间。测量方法如下：假如定时器工作在递增计数模式，首先设置定时器通道 x 为上升沿捕获，这样在 t1 时刻上升沿到来时，就会发生捕获事件。这里我们还会打开捕获中断，所以捕获事件发生就意味着捕获中断也会发生。在捕获中断里将计数器值清零，并设置通道 x 为下降沿捕获，这样 t2 时刻下降沿到来时， 就会发生捕获事件和捕获中断。捕获事件发生时，计数器的值会被锁存到捕获&#x2F;比较寄存器中（比如通道 1 对应的是 CCR1 寄存器）。那么在捕获中断里，我们读取捕获&#x2F;比较寄存器就可以获取到高电平脉冲时间内，计数器计数的个数，从而可以算出高电平脉冲的时间。这里是假设定时器没有溢出为前提的。  </p>
<p>实际上， t1 到 t2 时间段，定时器可能会产生 N 次溢出，这就需要我们对定时器溢出做相应的处理，防止高电平太长，导致测量出错。在 t1 到 t2 时间段，假设定时器溢出 N 次，那么高电平脉冲时间内，计数器计数的个数计算方法为： <code>N*(ARR+1) + CCRx2</code>， CCRx2 表示 t2 时间点，捕获&#x2F;比较寄存器的值。经过计算得到高电平脉宽时间内计数器计数个数后，用这个个数乘以计数器的计数周期，就可得到高电平持续的时间。就是输入捕获测量高电平脉宽时间的整个过程。  </p>
<p>STM32F103 的定时器除了 TIM6 和 TIM7，其他定时器都有输入捕获功能。输入捕获，简单的说就是通过检测 TIMx_CHy 上的边沿信号，在边沿信号发生跳变（比如上升沿&#x2F;下降沿）时，会发生捕获事件，将当前定时器的值（ TIMx_CNT）锁存到对应通道的捕获&#x2F;比较寄存器（TIMx_CCRy）里，完成一次捕获。同时还可以配置捕获事件发生时是否触发捕获中断&#x2F;DMA。另外还要考虑测量的过程中是否可能发生定时器溢出，如果可能溢出，还要做溢出处理。  </p>
<h1 id="二、相关寄存器"><a href="#二、相关寄存器" class="headerlink" title="二、相关寄存器"></a><font size=3>二、相关寄存器</font></h1><p>通用定时器输入捕获实验需要用到的寄存器有： TIMx_ARR、 TIMx_PSC、 TIMx_CCMR1、TIMx_CCER、 TIMx_DIER、 TIMx_CR1、 TIMx_CCR1 这些寄存器在前面的笔记都有提到，在这里只需针对性的说明。  </p>
<h2 id="1-捕获-比较模式寄存器-1-2（TIMx-CCMR1-2）"><a href="#1-捕获-比较模式寄存器-1-2（TIMx-CCMR1-2）" class="headerlink" title="1. 捕获&#x2F;比较模式寄存器 1&#x2F;2（TIMx_CCMR1&#x2F;2）"></a><font size=3>1. 捕获&#x2F;比较模式寄存器 1&#x2F;2（TIMx_CCMR1&#x2F;2）</font></h2><p>该寄存器我们在 PWM 输出实验时讲解了它作为输出功能的配置，现在重点学习输入捕获模式的配置。因为本实验我们用到定时器 5 通道 1 输入，所以我们要看 TIMx_CCMR1 寄存器，其描述如图：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-32-%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8-02-%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8-04-%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7/img/image-20240114103419290.png" alt="image-20240114103419290" style="zoom:50%;" />

<p>该寄存器在输入模式和输出模式下，功能是不一样， 所以需要看准不同模式的描述，可以打开手册查看。 TIMx_CCMR1 寄存器对应于通道 1 和通道 2 的设置， CCMR2 寄存器对应通道 3和通道 4。如： TIMx_CCMR1 寄存器位[7： 0]用于捕获&#x2F;比较通道 1 的控制，而位[15： 8]则用于捕获&#x2F;比较通道 2 的控制。我们用到定时器 5 通道 1 输入，所以需要配置 TIMx_CCMR1 的位[7:0]。</p>
<p>其中 CC1S[1:0]，这两个位用于 CCR1 的通道配置，这里我们设置 IC1S[1:0]&#x3D;01，也就是配置 IC1 映射在 TI1 上。</p>
<p>输入捕获 1 预分频器 IC1PSC[1:0]，这个比较好理解。我们是 1 次边沿就触发 1 次捕获，所以选择 00 就行了。</p>
<p>输入捕获 1 滤波器 IC1F[3:0]，这个用来设置输入采样频率和数字滤波器长度。其中， fCK_INT是定时器时钟源频率，按照例程的配置为 72Mhz，而 fDTS 则是根据 TIMx_CR1 的 CKD[1:0]的设置来确定的，如果 CKD[1:0]设置为 00，那么 fDTS&#x3D;fCK_INT。 N 值采样次数，举个简单的例子：假设 IC1F[3:0]&#x3D;0011，并设置 IC1 映射到 TI1 上。表示以 fCK_INT 为采样频率，当连续 8 次都是采样到 TI1 为高电平或者低电平，滤波器才输出一个有效输出边沿。当 8 次采样中有高有低，那就保持原来的输出，这样可以滤除高频干扰信号，从而达到滤波的效果。这里，我们不做滤波处理，所以设置 IC1F[3:0]&#x3D;0000。  </p>
<h2 id="2-捕获-比较使能寄存器（TIMx-CCER）"><a href="#2-捕获-比较使能寄存器（TIMx-CCER）" class="headerlink" title="2. 捕获&#x2F;比较使能寄存器（TIMx_CCER）  "></a><font size=3>2. 捕获&#x2F;比较使能寄存器（TIMx_CCER）  </font></h2><p>TIM2&#x2F;TIM3&#x2F;TIM4&#x2F;TIM5 的捕获&#x2F;比较使能寄存器，该寄存器控制着各个输入输出通道的开关和极性。 TIMx_CCER 寄存器描述如图：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-32-%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8-02-%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8-04-%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%9A%E6%97%B6%E5%99%A8%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E6%8D%95%E8%8E%B7/img/image-20240114104518575.png" alt="image-20240114104518575" style="zoom:50%;" />

<p>我们要用到这个寄存器的最低 2 位， CC1E 和 CC1P 位。要使能输入捕获，必须设置 CC1E&#x3D;1，而 CC1P 则根据自己的需要来配置。我们这里是保留默认设置值 0，即高电平触发捕获。</p>
<h2 id="3-其他几个寄存器"><a href="#3-其他几个寄存器" class="headerlink" title="3. 其他几个寄存器"></a><font size=3>3. 其他几个寄存器</font></h2><p>DMA&#x2F;中断使能寄存器： TIMx_DIER，该寄存器在前面已经了解过了，具体可以看手册。对于输入捕获功能，我们需要用到中断来处理捕获数据，所以必须开启通道 1 的捕获比较中断，即 CC1IE 设置为 1。同时我们还需要在定时器溢出中断中累计定时器溢出的次数，所以还需要使能定时器的更新中断，即 UIE 置 1。</p>
<p>控制寄存器： TIMx_CR1，我们只用到了它的最低位，也就是用来使能定时器的。</p>
<p>捕获&#x2F;比较寄存器 1： TIMx_CCR1，该寄存器用来存储发生捕获事件时，TIMx_CNT 的值，我们从 TIMx_CCR1 就可以读出通道 1 捕获事件发生时刻的 TIMx_CNT 值，通过两次捕获（一次上升沿捕获，一次下降沿捕获）的差值，就可以计算出高电平脉冲的宽度（注意，对于高电平脉宽太长的情况，还要计算定时器溢出的次数）。</p>

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    <p><span>文章标题:</span><a href="/post/31af22a6.html">LV16-32-定时器-02-通用定时器-04-通用定时器输入捕获</a></p>
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    <p><span>发布时间:</span>2024年01月14日 - 15:01</p>
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